Italian three-year forecast income statement (preventivo economico)

Sources and assumptions

• Gazzetta Ufficiale — TUIR (DPR 917/1986) — tax year 2026, verified on September 25, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « puo' essere computata in diminuzione del reddito dei periodi d'imposta successivi in misura non superiore all'ottanta per cento del reddito imponibile di ciascuno di essi e per l'intero importo che trova capienza in tale ammontare »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « L'aliquota d'imposta sui redditi delle società (Ires) è pari al 24%. »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « per il solo periodo d’imposta successivo a quello in corso al 31 dicembre 2024 (ossia, per i contribuenti con esercizio coincidente con l’anno solare, il 2025), la riduzione dell’aliquota dal 24 al 20%, al ricorrere di alcune condizioni »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « almeno l’80% degli utili 2024 deve essere accantonato ad apposita riserva »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « almeno il 30% di tali utili accantonati (comunque, non inferiore al 24% degli utili 2023 e, in ogni caso, non inferiore a 20.000 euro) va investito in beni strumentali nuovi »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « (comunque, non inferiore al 24% degli utili 2023 e, in ogni caso, non inferiore a 20.000 euro) »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « (comunque, non inferiore al 24% degli utili 2023 e, in ogni caso, non inferiore a 20.000 euro) »

• Agenzia delle Entrate — tax year 2026, verified on September 24, 2026

  Excerpt from the source : « vanno assunti nuovi lavoratori dipendenti a tempo indeterminato in misura tale da garantire un incremento occupazionale di almeno l’1% rispetto al periodo d’imposta in corso al 31 dicembre 2024 »

Calculation assumptions

• The method is the one set out in the Turin Chamber of Commerce guide to starting a business: “prima si stima il reddito operativo […] contrapponendo ai ricavi di vendita previsti i costi operativi”, then “si individua il reddito netto di esercizio” (first estimate operating income by setting operating costs against forecast sales, then work out net income). The lines follow the income-statement layout of article 2425 of the Italian Civil Code: revenue (A.1), raw materials and goods (B.6), services and use of third-party assets (B.7 and B.8), staff (B.9), depreciation (B.10), other operating expenses (B.14), interest (C.17), result before tax, taxes, profit or loss. EBITDA (margine operativo lordo) is not a line of article 2425: it is the difference between the value and costs of production before depreciation, that is revenue less B.6, B.7 and B.8, B.9 and B.14.
• The contribution margin is revenue minus the B.6 field alone, “raw materials, consumables and goods, plus other variable costs”, which the calculator treats as all of the variable costs. The guide defines variable costs as those “che variano al variare della produzione stessa (ad es. i costi relativi alle materie prime, ai materiali di consumo ecc.)” (costs that change with output, such as raw materials and consumables): if part of your services (B.7) varies with output, for example work subcontracted to third parties or delivery costs on sales, enter it in that field rather than under services. Moving it changes neither the difference between the value and costs of production nor the result: only the contribution margin changes.
• Three years, because the guide asks for statements “su un orizzonte di almeno tre anni” (over at least three years): that is the minimum, not a cap.
• IRES is not recalculated here: it comes from the IRES calculator at the standard rate, after the loss carry-forward calculator has offset the pre-plan tax losses you enter and those of the plan years (article 84 of the Italian income tax code, TUIR: 80% of income, or all of it for losses of the first three tax periods of a new business activity, if you say so).
• IRAP is not calculated: neither its taxable base nor its rate has been read on an official source for this calculator, and the calculator does not assume them. The guide itself advises taking the plan “fino al livello di reddito ante-imposte, per poi affidarsi ad un professionista di fiducia per le relative simulazioni fiscali” (up to pre-tax income, then relying on a trusted adviser for the tax simulations).
• IRES taxable income is approximated by the result before tax: upward and downward tax adjustments are not modelled.
• The IRES and loss carry-forward rules are applied to all three years as the text reads today, without anticipating any change. Loss carry-forward follows article 84 of the Italian income tax code (TUIR) in the last version that sets out its text; the next version published by the Gazzetta Ufficiale only reads “((PROVVEDIMENTO ABROGATO DAL D.LGS. 19 GIUGNO 2026, N. 117))” (provision repealed by Legislative Decree no. 117 of 19 June 2026), without saying from when the repeal applies or which rule replaces it. The page of the tax loss carry-forward calculator, from which this calculator takes the offset cap, gives an effective date for the repeal (1 January 2027): that date does not appear on the Gazzetta Ufficiale page read for this calculator, and here it remains an unverified assumption, not a fact. Have an adviser check the rule that applies to the years of the plan.
• Only loan interest is an income-statement cost. Capital repaid is shown separately: in the sources-and-uses forecast it is a use of funds (debt repayment), and counting it among costs as well would weigh it twice.
• The calculator shows two flows. The operating flow is the guide's own, “Flusso di autofinanziamento operativo = Reddito operativo di esercizio + Ammortamenti + Accantonemanti a fondi rischi e fondi spese future con scadenze superiore all'anno (es. fondo TFR)” (operating income plus depreciation plus provisions for risks and future charges due beyond one year, such as the severance pay fund), without the provisions, which are not entered separately: it is therefore on the cautious side. Self-financing is profit plus depreciation, after interest and IRES, which are cash payments: that is the figure to carry into sources, because the sources-and-uses forecast has no other line for interest and taxes.
• A year 2 or year 3 left blank takes the previous year's amounts: that is steady activity, not zero activity. Enter zero for a cost that disappears.
• Not modelled: VAT (all amounts exclude it), inventory changes separate from purchases, other income and operating grants, provisions for risks, financial income, value adjustments, and the income tax (IRPEF) of the owner or partners.