German flat-rate wage tax on minijobs and short-term work
Between 2 % and 20 % lies no difference in pay, only one question: does the employer pay the flat pension contributions? And the EUR 19 hourly limit applies only to subsections 1 and 3 — the minijob is not subject to it.
2026 rules — verified on September 22, 2026Free, no account
This content is part of the path: Employing mini-jobbers and temporary help· Step 5 of 7· Next step: Applying for a German establishment number (Betriebsnummer) before your first hire
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Sources and assumptions
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 1 Satz 1 — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « bei Arbeitnehmern, die nur kurzfristig beschäftigt werden, die Lohnsteuer mit einem Pauschsteuersatz von 25 Prozent des Arbeitslohns erheben. »
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 2 — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « mit einem einheitlichen Pauschsteuersatz in Höhe von insgesamt 2 Prozent des Arbeitsentgelts erheben. »
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 2a — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « kann er unter Verzicht auf den Abruf von elektronischen Lohnsteuerabzugsmerkmalen [...] die Lohnsteuer mit einem Pauschsteuersatz in Höhe von 20 Prozent des Arbeitsentgelts erheben. »
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 3 Satz 1 — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « bei Aushilfskräften, die in Betrieben der Land- und Forstwirtschaft im Sinne des § 13 Absatz 1 Nummer 1 bis 4 ausschließlich mit typisch land- oder forstwirtschaftlichen Arbeiten beschäftigt werden, die Lohnsteuer mit einem Pauschsteuersatz von 5 Prozent des Arbeitslohns erheben. »
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 1 Satz 2 — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « Eine kurzfristige Beschäftigung liegt vor, wenn der Arbeitnehmer bei dem Arbeitgeber gelegentlich, nicht regelmäßig wiederkehrend beschäftigt wird, die Dauer der Beschäftigung 18 zusammenhängende Arbeitstage nicht übersteigt »
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 1 Satz 2 Nr. 1 — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « der Arbeitslohn während der Beschäftigungsdauer 150 Euro durchschnittlich je Arbeitstag nicht übersteigt oder »
- gesetze-im-internet.de — EStG § 40a Abs. 4 Nr. 1 — tax year 2026, verified on September 22, 2026
Excerpt from the source : « bei Arbeitnehmern, deren Arbeitslohn während der Beschäftigungsdauer durchschnittlich je Arbeitsstunde 19 Euro übersteigt, »
Calculation assumptions
- The flat-rate wage tax is owed by the employer. The employee neither declares it nor reports it in an income tax return.
- For short-term employment it is assumed the work is occasional and not regularly recurring. That condition follows from the history of the relationship and is not checked here.
- Only the TAX is computed. Social security contributions follow SGB IV and weigh far more heavily on minijobs than these rates.
- Not checked: under EStG s. 40a(4) no. 2, the flat rates of subsection 1 (short-term employment) and subsection 3 (agricultural and forestry casual workers) are not permitted for employees who receive, for another employment with the same employer, wages subject to wage tax deduction under s. 39b or s. 39c. The calculator assumes this is not the case; if it is, the rate shown does not apply.
- Not checked: the 5 % rate of EStG s. 40a(3) applies only to casual workers employed in agricultural or forestry businesses exclusively on typical agricultural or forestry work, and for work that does not arise all year round (other agricultural or forestry work is harmless if it does not exceed 25 % of the total period of employment). Skilled agricultural or forestry workers, and employees the employer engages for more than 180 days in the calendar year, are not casual workers. The calculator assumes these conditions are met; if one is not, the rate shown does not apply.
- Not checked: the 2 % rate (EStG s. 40a(2)) and the 20 % rate (subs. 2a, which applies only in the cases of subsection 2) require marginal employment (geringfügige Beschäftigung) within the meaning of SGB IV s. 8(1) no. 1 or s. 8a. Under SGB IV s. 8(1) no. 1, the pay from that employment must not regularly exceed the marginal earnings limit (Geringfügigkeitsgrenze); that limit refers to MONTHLY pay (SGB IV s. 8(1a)) and is published in the Bundesanzeiger. The calculator does not know that limit and assumes a minijob exists; if it does not, the rate shown does not apply.
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This result is provided for information purposes only and does not constitute personalised tax advice. Check your situation with the tax authorities or a professional.